1487 Battle of Stoke Field, Nottinghamshire: English Tudor King Henry VII defeats the remaining Yorkists led by John de la Pole and Lord Lovell in the last battle of the Wars of the Roses

1624 Virginia becomes an English crown colony following the bankruptcy of the London Company

1745 The siege of Louisbourg took place when a New England colonial force aided by a British fleet captured Louisbourg, the capital of the French province of Île-Royale during the War of the Austrian Succession, known as King George's War in the British colonies

1774 Formation of Harrodsburg, Kentucky, Kentucky’s oldest city.  Founded by Captain James Harrod

1779 US General Anthony Wayne captures Stony Point, New York, inflicting heavy losses on the British

1832 Battle of Kellogg's Grove, Illinois - Illinois militia fight small force of Native Americans

1858 Abraham Lincoln says "A house divided against itself cannot stand" accepting Illinois Republican Party's nomination for the Senate

1871 Ancient Arabic Order of Nobles of Mystic Shrine founded, NYC

1873 US President Ulysses Grant decrees a portion of Wallowa Valley, Oregon for the Native American tribe Nez Perce. Order is rescinded two years later and the tribe is forcibly re-located to Oklahoma.  Nez Perce Leader Chief Joseph

1882 17" hailstones weighing 1.75 lbs fall in Dubuque Iowa

1884 America's 1st purpose-built roller coaster ride, the Switchback Railway, opens at Coney Island, New York, built by LaMarcus Thompson

1893 German-American F.W. Rueckheim introduces "Cracker Jack" brand snack food consisting of caramel-coated popcorn and peanuts

1897 A treaty annexing the Republic of Hawaii to the United States is signed; the Republic would not be dissolved until a year later

1900 In China, a fire is set by Boxers, virtually destroying the Western Quarter and spreading to engulf many Chinese landmarks

1903 Ford Motors under Henry Ford incorporates

1903 Pepsi Cola company forms

1907 Tsar Nicolas II of Russia dissolves the Second Duma (parliament) and issues an edict that will increase representation of propertied classes while reducing that of peasants, workers and national minorities

1909 1st US airplane, the Golden Flyer, sold commercially by Glenn Curtiss for $5,000 to the Aeronautic Society of NY

1911 A 1.7 pound stony meteorite strikes the earth near Kilbourn, Columbia County, Wisconsin damaging a barn

1922 Henry Berliner demonstrates his helicopter to US Navy’s Bureau of Aeronautics

1932 US President Herbert Hoover and Vice President Charles Curtis renominated by Republican Convention

1933 US Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) created

1933 US National Industrial Recovery Act becomes law (later struck down)

1941 1st US federally owned airport opened Washington, D.C., Washington-Hoover Airport, 1933 to 1941, at which time the second federal airport, now known as Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport went into service

1944 George Stinney, a 14-year-old African-American boy, is wrongfully executed for the murder of two white girls, becoming the youngest person ever executed in 20th-century America

1947 1st network news-Dumont's "News from Washington"

1949 Gas turbine-electric locomotive demonstrated at Erie, Pennsylvania, by General Electric

1952 Soviet Fighters shoots down Swedish Air Force Catalina as it participates in search for missing Dakota DC-3, crew survives

1961 Reconnaissance satellite Discoverer 25 launched from the US

1964 Quake strikes Niigata, Japan.  There were 3,534 houses destroyed and a further 11,000 were damaged. This level of damage is explained by the influence of poor sub-soil conditions.

1969 US Supreme Court rules suspension of Adam Clayton Powell, Jr from House of Representatives violated Article I of the Constitution by citing reasons beyond the exclusive list of qualifications in the article

1970 Kenneth A. Gibson elected 1st black mayor of Newark, New Jersey

1975 Randy Farland finds a 14-leaf clover near Sioux Falls, South Dakota

1975 US Supreme Court rules uniform minimum legal fees are a violation of the antitrust laws

1977 Oracle Corporation is incorporated in Redwood Shores, California, as Software Development Laboratories (SDL) by Larry Ellison, Bob Miner and Ed Oates

1980 US Supreme Court rules that live, human-made micro-organisms created in labs could be patentable, in Diamond v. Chakrabarty

1983 European Space Agency launches European Comm Satellite 1, Oscar 10

1991 Brave’s Otis Nixon steals NL record 6 bases in 1 day.  Not done since 22 Sep, 1912

2000 Israel complies with UN Security Council Resolution 425 after 22 years, which calls on Israel to completely withdraw from Lebanon. Israel withdraws from all of Lebanon, except the disputed Sheba Farms

2016 Philadelphia is the first US city to pass a tax on sweetened drinks

2017 Amazon announces it is buying Whole Foods for $13.7 billion

2020 At least 20 Indian soldiers killed in 1st deadly clash on the Chinese Indian border in 45 years in the Galwan Valley, Himalayas.  Number of Chinese soldiers killed/wounded unknown

2022 Ninety-year-old US cosmetics company Revlon files for bankruptcy, blaming supply issues and rising costs

2023 Scientific teams in the UK and Israel claim to have grown synthetic human embryos equivalent to that of 14-day-old natural embryos sparking controversy