694 Visigothic King Egica of Hispania opens the Seventeenth Council of Toledo, will decree Jews be deprived of their property (not really enforced)

1520 Height of the Stockholm Bloodbath - King Christian II of Denmark, Norway and Sweden executes Swedish nobles

1526 Jews are expelled from Pressburg (Bratislava), Hungary, by Maria of Hapsburg

1569 The Revolt of the Northern Earls or Northern Rebellion, was an unsuccessful attempt by Catholic nobles from Northern England to depose Queen Elizabeth I of England and replace her with Mary, Queen of Scots

1620 After a month of delays off the English coast and about two months at sea, the Mayflower spots land (Cape Cod)

1720 Rabbi Yehuda Hasid’s synagogue is set afire in the old city of Jerusalem

1764 Mary Campbell, a captive of the Lenape Indians during the French and Indian War, is handed over to forces commanded by Colonel Henry Bouquet

1813 During the Creek War, General Andrew Jackson, responding to White Stick Creek Indian plea at Fort Leslie, drives off an attacking force of Red Stick Creek Indians at Talladega, Alabama

1821 The first US pharmacy college, the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, holds its first classes

1842 The first US design patent for typefaces and borders is issued to George Bruce of New York City

1848 The first Post office in San Francisco opens at Clay and Pike Streets

1851 Kentucky marshals abduct abolitionist minister Calvin Fairbank from Jeffersonville, Indiana, and take him to Kentucky to stand trial for helping a slave escape

1857 The Atlantic Monthly magazine is first published in Boston.  It is a literary magazine comprising essays, poetry, and articles on diverse topics, written during the mid-19th century

1862 US General Ulysses S. Grant issues orders to bar Jews from serving under him

1864 Sherman issues preliminary plans for his "March to the Sea"

1872 The Great Boston Fire of 1872 was Boston's largest fire, and still ranks as one of the costliest fire-related property losses in American history.  At least 30 people died, including 12 firefighters

1877 The American Chemical Society is chartered in NY

1888 London’s Jack the Ripper's fifth and probably his last victim, Mary Jane Kelly, is found on her bed

1900 China has resumed nominal control of Manchuria, but in a secret agreement the Chinese governor of Manchuria grants Russia such rights as keeping troops along the railroad lines and controlling civil administration

1906 Theodore Roosevelt is the first US President to visit another country, Puerto Rico and Panama

1907 The Cullinan Diamond, the largest ever discovered, is presented to King Edward VII on his birthday

1913 The winter storm "Freshwater Fury", along with two other storms, was a blizzard with hurricane-force winds that devastated the Great Lakes Basin in the Midwestern United States.  More than 250 people are killed and 19 ships sink on the Great Lakes.  The storm impacted many cities, including Duluth, Minnesota; Chicago, Illinois; and Cleveland, Ohio, which received 22 inches of snow combined with winds up to 79 mph and was paralyzed for days

1923 Beer Hall Putsch's second day in Munich; Nazis fail to overthrow government, 16 die and Adolf Hitler flees

1925 German NSDAP (Nazi party) forms Schutzstaffel (SS)

1925 Robert A. Millikan confirms the existence of cosmic rays from outer space in a speech to the National Academy of Sciences at Madison, Wisconsin

1932 A hurricane storm wave sweeps over Santa Cruz del Sur, Cuba kills 2,500 people

1935 The Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) labor union forms in the US and Canada

1936 American fashion designer Ruth Harkness captures a panda cub (Su Lin) in China – Su Lin becomes the first live panda cub to enter the US

1938 Al Capp, cartoonist of Li'l Abner, creates Sadie Hawkins Day

1939 The Nobel Prize for physics is awarded to American Ernest Lawrence for his invention of the cyclotron

1944 The Red Cross wins Nobel peace prize “for the great work it has performed during the war on behalf of humanity"

1946 US President Harry Truman ends the wage and price freeze

1958 British Petroleum surveyors flying over Libyan desert observe wreck of WWII bomber, later identified as the lost 'Lady Be Good'

1961 The X-15 rocket plane under USAF Major Robert M White achieved a world record speed of 4,093 mph (Mach 6.04) and reached 101,600 feet (over 19 miles) altitude

1965 Jay DeFeo's monumental painting "The Rose" (1958-66), layered with nearly two thousand pounds of paint removed from the artist's San Francisco apartment

1965 Several US states and parts of Canada are hit by a series of blackouts lasting up to 13 hours in the Northeast Blackout

1966 The Oakland Coliseum Arena opens

1969 "Bridge over Troubled Water" single is recorded by Simon & Garfunkel

1971 John List kills his family in New Jersey and moves to Colorado, assumed a new identity and remarried.  List eluded justice for 18 years

1971 John List kills family & moves to Colorado

1980 Iraqi President Saddam Hussein declares a holy war against Iran

1983 Discovery flies aboard a modified 747 from Vandenberg AFB to Kennedy Space Center

1984 The Vietnam Veterans Memorial ("3 Servicemen") is completed and dedicated by President Ronald Reagan

1989 East Berlin opens its borders at Checkpoint Charlie when thousands arrive after a bureaucratic error announces that restrictions on travel to the West have been lifted

1991 Joint European Torus (JET) scientists in Culham England successfully harness nuclear fusion to produce the first large amount of controlled fusion power

1993 Stari Most (the "old bridge", built in 1566) in Mostar, Bosnia, collapses after several days of bombing.

1993 The Serbian army fires on a school in Sarajevo; nine children die

1994 Darmstadtium, chemical element 110, is discovered at GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research near Darmstadt, Germany

1998 Brokerage houses are ordered to pay $1.03 billion to NASDAQ investors to compensate for price-fixing, it’s the largest civil settlement in US history

2005 Venus Express mission of the European Space Agency is launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan

2014 Asia-Pacific countries, including China and the United States, announce plans to co-operate more closely in the fight against corruption

2014 Celebrations held in Germany to mark the 25th anniversary of the fall of the Berlin Wall; white balloons marking a stretch of the wall symbolize its disappearance

2015 San Diego's SeaWorld announces it will overhaul its killer whale show after controversy over the whale’s treatment

2018 Amid Californian forest fires US President Donald Trump accuses state forest management of "gross mismanagement"

2022 Archaeologists announce discovery of oldest decipherable sentence on an ivory comb “May this tusk root out the lice of the hair and the beard.” in 1,700 B.C Canaanite script from Tel Lachish, Israel